Nekrasov biography Belinsky

Plekhanov, from his classical article about Nekrasov, created, of course, the social environment and the era in which his poetic creativity developed. The guides of the influences of the environment and the era on Nekrasov, moreover, reflected the psycho-ideology of the most advanced part of modern society, was destined to become a large extent V. This is why the question of Nekrasov’s relationship, it is not only a matter of biographical order, but also a matter, the study of which clarifies the genesis of a number of motives of poetry.

The relations of Nekrasov and Belinsky, if we take them not in a narrow biographical framework, it would be possible to devote a whole monograph if desired. Our task is incomparably more modest. We mean in the present work to dwell only on some sides of these relations. First of all, we would like to give a summary of Belinsky’s critical statements about the works of Nekrasov and in this regard to find out what he could give and, in fact, gave Nekrasov Belinsky as a literary critic, as a representative of a certain social ideology.

Further, we intend to highlight one of the biographical issues, namely, to which Nekrasov is sent to the accusations repeatedly brought to him, if not in the direct exploitation of Belinsky, then, in any case, in a significant violation of his material interests. Finally, we intend to dwell on the question of how the image of Belinsky reflected in some poems of Nekrasov, in particular in the poem "Unfortunate".

I Literary debut of Nekrasov, his college of “Dreams and Sounds”, which, in a large part, made up poems written in the Yaroslavl Palestins, testified that the young poet was entirely under the rule of poetic stamps created in that era, when the sophisticated, sophisticated, sophisticated, organically connected poetry dominated. High tongue and style, which found the highest expression in Pushkin's work.

In "Dreams and Sounds", Nekrasov tried to write near Zhukovsky, near Pushkin, near Lermontov, sometimes for poets such as Benedictov and Podolinsky. This scripture came out under him no more, of course, like an epigonism, and epigonism is a miserable fate for any gifted poet. That is why it seemed very important at least a sharp word to turn Nekrasov from the path that did not promise him in the future.

This is a sharp, mercilessly sharp word was uttered at Nekrasov, then completely unknown to him in person. IX, No. 3 printed in the “domestic notes”, Belinsky wrote: “Read a whole book of poems, meet all the familiar and bended feelings, common places, smooth rhymes and a lot, if you sometimes stumble upon a verse that has come out of the soul in a pile of rhymeal lines, is your reading or better to say work for reviewers, and not for the reviews, and not for the reviews, and not for the reviews, and not for the reviews The audience, for which it is enough to read about them in the magazine the news like "went to Rostov." Mediocrity in verses is unbearable.

Here are the thoughts on which the "dreams and sounds" of G. is known to us how great is; There was an authority of Belinsky among the literary youth of that time. Therefore, it is not difficult to imagine what impression the destructive review should have been made on young Nekrasov. The stories are hardly exaggerated that Nekrasov, under the influence of this review, went shopping and, with the last money, buying up the instances of his collection, mercilessly destroyed them.

From this time, he almost ceased to write poetry in the spirit of “dreams and sounds” and, by his own admission, began to “write selfishly”, i.e. in the previous article it was indicated that, working with Kona, he began to cultivate all kinds of literary genres, and he preferred those who promised the most faithful earnings, that is the same time, Nekrasov had to go down nearby.

And before serving ignorant and greedy books, composing pseudo-folk tales, like a “woman-yaga, bone leg” or remaining before G., there is no doubt that the literary products of Nekrasov of these years, that is why they could not interest Belinsky in the city of Polyakov. If he has to occasionally mention them, then these references are limited literally in two or three phrases.

Perhaps he did this because he did not want to praise him as a writer, and refrained from unfavorable reviews about him, knowing his poverty. Ashevsky, author of the valuable article “Nekrasov and Belinsky” “Mod. Mir” G. assume that Belinsky did not know anything about Nekrasov, of course, in no way: the personal acquaintance between them, in all likelihood, began a little later, in the outcome of G.

The first mention of Nekrasov, as a familiar, contained in Belinsky’s letter to V. Botkin of March 31, Nekrasov for this - Golden. Human.We think to make popular mythology, which gives reason to think that Belinsky’s acquaintance with Nekrasov has already passed into a stage that is possible to conduct a common cause, moreover, a case that needs not only joint activities, but also mutual trust.

Exactly two weeks later, in a letter, moreover, Belinsky reports about the promise of Nekrasov to get money for him, which would give him the opportunity to leave for him Time from St. Petersburg and take a break from grueling work on the magazine. To the name of Nekrasov, Belinsky joins the epithet "good" here. So, in the spring of G. Belinsky and Nekrasov are already "good" acquaintances.

It will be appropriate to dwell on the question under what circumstances their acquaintance took place. The well -known story of A. Panaeva about how Nekrasov, who met in the city of II, written, must think, after the acquaintance of his author with Belinsky took place. However, nevertheless, the story of Panaeva has a well -known actual basis. In general, he could be accepted with a reservation that Panaeva was mistaken in the name of the work of Nekrasov.

The assumption is quite acceptable that Nekrasov really met Belinsky, bringing him one of his things to watch. Ashevsky assumes that such a thing could be the story “Experienced Woman”, which appeared on the pages of “Fatherland. However, this story could not in any way read by reading the conversations and disputes that, if Panaeva believed, arose after reading the story she mentioned.

A slightly different version of how Belinsky and Nekrasov met, put forward the memories of IV. Panaeva, husband Avdoty Yakovlevna. Prior to this, Nekrasov had direct intercourse with Kraevsky this expression: “Rumors began to reach me that Belinsky draws attention to some of my articles“ under the “articles” here are the reviews. It is not difficult to notice that the Panaev version is not in the unconditional contradiction with the story of his wife.

Horses, classified as Nekrasov, carried away by Belinsky articles, even earlier searched for this acquaintance. Probably only an abundance of urgent work prevented the criticism and the poet to encounter Nekrasov’s autobiography “New World” earlier, as it may, can be considered established that the acquaintance of Belinsky and Nekrasov arose on literary ground. It is characteristic that at just about this time Belinsky, who had been silent for two years about Nekrasov as a writer, spoke about him in connection with the release of the collections of "articles in poetry without pictures" and spoke in tones more or less sympathetic.

True, the critic began a review of the first issue of Statekik with several double praise at the author’s address that “he did not put up on the book of his name.” However, in the future, Belinsky admitted that in the “talker” there are “places that are even high for the public of this kind”, and the beginning of this poem two chapters, I and II, containing 60 poems, which depicts the rebirth of an ardent romantic into a low worship and self-loving official-later used by Goncharov in the “ordinary history”.

What a pity that the author did not fill the whole book with such verses “The second review of“ articles ”does not make anything new in comparison with the first. Based on these reviews, it would be risky to say that in relation to Belinsky to Nekrasov, as a writer, he was performed by a radical fracture, that he began to consider him large literary magnitude. Belinsky’s sympathetic attention, and the latter already began to lay some reliable on him.

Verses ", in essence, contained a recognition that Nekrasov could write good verses, and the wish to write them. In the full sense of the word, turning point, allowing us to say that Belinsky began to see one of the best representatives of modern literature in Nekrasov, his judgments about him in the reviews of the first and second part of the “physiology of St. Petersburg” “Fatherland.

Here we are talking about the story of the“ Petersburg corners ”and the poem“ official ”. Affirming that this story is“ a living picture of the special world of life in life in A refutation of the judgment of some newspaper critics that the story is “bad, fulfilled of sanitary and bad tones”, Belinsky wrote: “No true aristocrat does not despise in art, in literature, images of people of the lower classes and the so -called low breed, the final conclusion of the great critic, could decorate any edition.” In the atom more than a favorable review of Belinsky, it cannot hit it with its brevity.

There is hardly any doubt that it is largely forced. It is known that the story "Petersburg Corners" in April G.Piksanova, Giz, on p. In any case, given the fact that Belinsky introduced a quote from M “St. Petersburg corners” in his feedback in as many as 14 pages of pages of pages, which should be borne in mind regarding the recall of Belinsky about the “official”. It is constituted by brief, but very decisive praises, "one of those of the highest degree of successful works in which a thought that affects its fidelity and delicacy is in a completely appropriate form, so no most entrepreneurial critic will catch on any line that he could have cheap"; "This play is one of the best works of Russian literature in the article" Russian Literature "in Belinsky repeated its praise to the story" "Petersburg corners" and verse.

A review of the poems of Nekrasov placed in the Petersburg Collection “On the Road”, “Drunkard”, “Preventive to See” and “Cellular Song” is written according to the same method as reviews about “The Corches” and “Officer”. Having stated that of the few small poems placed in the “Collection”, “The most interesting belongs to the pen of the publisher of Nekrasov,” Belinsky is limited to them only by the following words: “They are imbued with thought; these are not poems to the virgin and moon; they have many smart, delicious and modern.

Here is the best of them "on the road." Further, this last poem is quoted entirely by “the fatherly commentary on this review is the fact that in February G. As a result, the Minister of Education of Gr. Uvarov, without even a bother to enter into an investigation of the case, announced the Censor who missed the poem, and since it turned out to be the chairman of the censorship committee himself, he and the trustee and the trun Petersburg training district, grows, the reprimand fell on him and the author of the poem and Belinsky, we must think, are well aware of the acquaintances of the censors, for example, through an employee of the same "Petersburg collection" A.

Nikitenko, and therefore Belinsky had his own reviews about the poems They, which caused the greatest sensation, that is, when Belinsky did not feel the censorship of Damoklov over him, he gave free rein to his admiration for Nekrasov’s poems. Moreover, according to Nekrasov’s autobiography, the “New World” G. in full accordance with what was said about the attitude of Belinsky to the poems of Nekrasov of these years, vol.