Umar Bersey Biography

The date of accepting the Accepted Nakhimovsky pr-t. The publication analyzes the life of the enlightener of Umar Ber-Ey, the stages of its formation are revealed: birth in the Abazah family, at the age of eight years in Turkish capacity; Then he was sold to the Egyptian Pasha, where the owner notes the abilities of the young man, provides home education and sends to the Paris Polytechnic Institute.

At the end of the institute, W. Bersey entered military service in the Russian army. After leaving the service, he was invited to the post of senior teacher of the Circassian language to the Stavropol gymnasium. He knew several European and Caucasian languages. In the gymnasium, he was engaged in in -depth study of the Circassian language, thanks to it, a Circassian alphabet of 46 letters was compiled.

The approved primer at the historical and philological department of the Academy of Sciences was used in the Stavropol, Yekaterinodar, Novocherkassk and Yeisk gymnasium as a textbook. Based on the analysis, the thesis about the progressiveness of the views of the enlightener and the relevance of using the fables of the U. Berssey in the educational process in educational institutions.

Upon Gradation from the Institute, W. Bersei Entered Military Service in the Russian Army. AFTER LEAVING THE SERVICE, He WAS Invited to the Post of Senior Teacher of the Circassian Language in the Stavropol Gymnasium. He KNEW SEVERAL European and Caucasian Languages. In the gymnasium he was English in Advanced Study of the Circassian Language, thanks to Him The Circassian Alphabet of 46 Letters Was Compiled.

The Approved Primer Was Ussed in Stavropol, Yekaterinodar, NovoCherkassk and Yeysk Gymnasium as aid at the Historical Dapartment of the Academy of Sciences. On the Basis of the Analysis, the Article Defends thesis ABOUT THE PrOGRESSIVESSUS OF THE ENLIGHTENER AND THE RELEVANCE TODAY THE FABLES OF W. Bersei in the educational proocess in educational institations. Russian policy implied the inclusion of this region in the space of the empire.

The government sought to create a social support from the local population. To complete this task, it was necessary to create a network of educational institutions with adaptation with regional features. The reforms conducted today in the field of education force us to turn to the teaching heritage of the Adyghe Enlighteners, the experience of teaching in the Stavropol classical gymnasium at the end of the X1 Gwice.

The use of materials developed by the Adyghe Enlightener in modern practice will enrich the educational process. Among the outstanding personalities who are at the origins of the Adyghe writing, the Adyghe Enlightener Umar Omar in some sources Khapkhalovich Bersey occupies a special place. It can rightfully be attributed to the galaxy of enlighteners of the first half of the 19th century, who received a European education and left a huge mark in history.

The main sources for the reconstruction of the main stages of the life of W. Berssey are the funds of the Russian State Historical Archive and the State Archive of the Stavropol Territory. Funds of the Republican State Budget Institution “State Karachay-Cherkess Historical and Cultural and Natural Museum-Reserve named after Baychorova shed light on the educational activities of U.

from publications to highlight the work of Tesheva F. The result of his scientific activity is the “Primer of the Circassian language” published in Tiflis. Umar Khapkhalovich Bersey was born in the year of the eight -year -old Umar to suffer the fate of many of his compatriots: at first he fell into Turkish captivity, and then was sold to the Egyptian Pasha Muhamed Ali.

Its owner discovered the boy’s outstanding abilities, provided her home education, and after sending a young Adyghecist to continue his studies to France, where Umar studied at the Paris Polytechnic Institute. In the year, at the end of his studies, instead of Egypt, he preferred his homeland and turned to the Russian mission in Paris, which he, as a person with “knowledge of European culture and European military art”, found funds “for a trip to the Caucasian theater of military operations” [1, p.

Then he returned to the Caucasus and on February 15, “soon,“ for zealous and zealous service, ”W. Bersey was promoted to warrant officers, and consequences to lieutenants. The army, of course, could not satisfy a person who wanted to devote himself to the work of education. And he enthusiastically took up the training of national personnel. After leaving Bersey, he was invited in October to the post of senior teacher of the Circassian language in connection with the information of this language in a gymnasium course as a school subject, and took up teaching at the Stavropol gymnasium.

Special changes were during the directorship of Y. Neverov [2, p.Imperial policy in the field of national education has changed, in the collection of decisions on the Ministry of Education, it is indicated: “Sovereign Emperor, on the proposal of the governor of the Caucasian and the provision of the Caucasian Committee of the Highest, be deigned to command in the State Archive of the Stavropol Territory preserved the petition of the schools of the Stavropol province Yakov Afanasyevich “Bereznitsky:“ According to the expressed desire for the verbal proposal of Mr., the trustee of the Caucasian training district, was determined by the 19th of the Circassian language by the senior teacher of the Circassian language to the Stavropol gymnasium with the issuance of a hundred rubles of silver, which comes from Zakuban Circassians and bearing in mind that the gymnasium from other places is issued to the Stavropol Gymnasium.

the basis of Art. His request was satisfied, in the materials of the correspondence of the director of schools of the Stavropol province and the temporarily acting head of the right Caucasian line, it was indicated: “Mr. Viceroy of the Caucasian, as a result of the submission of the trustee of the Caucasian educational district of January 19 of this year, as a translator of the ensign Omara Bersseyev, the senior teacher of the Cherkess language in The Stavropol gymnasium allowed him to give him rubles in silver from the economic amounts of the gymnasium.

Bersseeva to his new position and if it does not have money for travel, then give him rubles in silver from extraordinary amounts. For his time, he was a highly educated person. Being a philologist by education, he knew several European and Caucasian languages. In the gymnasium, for 10 years he taught Circassian and was engaged in his in -depth study.

He compiled a Chernski alphabet of 46 signs [2, p. The commission for the consideration of the Circassian primer Bersseeva noted the failure of the Arab alphabet to express the sounds inherent in the Circassian language. The commission attributed this insufficiency to the vowel letters, so that only the one that knows the Circassian language could learn from this literal. The Arab alphabet, with all its superiority for the expression of Arab syllables, is the greatest difficulty for students, since it is applied to other languages; Because without preliminary knowledge of the language itself it is impossible to read a single line, if all vowels are not accurately indicated.

For this reason, this should be recognized as very insufficient if it is prescribed for Russian pupils, because not only in the Circassian texts attached to the literal, but also in separate words in the large part, signs of vowels are missed. In addition, one cannot but regret that the writer of the primer did not subject the manuscript to his preliminary direction of a good expert on Russian grammar to eliminate error against spelling and grammar rules.

With all these shortcomings that were partly from the inconvenience of the Arab alphabet, partly consisting in the fact that the writer of the primer was not able to use the thorough philological education. The commission considers it his duty to draw attention to the fact that G. Bersseev managed to express the consonants characteristic of the Circassian language than the creator of the Russian-Cherkess dictionary Leonty Lulier, who was content with the use of several convenient differences in the signs and modifications of various shades of the Circassian language [4].

In G., soon the book began to be used in Stavropol, Yekaterino-Darskaya, Novocherkassk and Yeysk gymnasium as a textbook. The scientific and pedagogical community met W. Berssey's work with live interest. Academics M. Brosse, B. Dorn and A. Schifner, who reviewed the “primer” back in the manuscript [5, p. Ber -cea “can much better express the consonants characteristic of the Circassian language than the publisher of the“ Russian-Cherkess dictionary ”Leonty Lulier, who is content with the consonants of the Russian alphabet,” and emphasized that the author of the textbook “opposite, uses several very convenient signs and modifications of the Arab consonants for the formation of various shades of Circassian sounds” [6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6.

With. In connection with the work done by W. Berssey on the compilation of the “primer”, the famous Caucasian historian K. Steel in his “ethnographic essay on the Circassian people” noted that “now you can write in Cherkess.” Bersei were several attempts: the notaks Sheret-Luk in the year made an Adyghe alphabet on an Arabic graphic basis, in the year of Shorahov, he created the alphabet on the Arabic schedule, after 5 years, Nograma was developing a new Kabardinsky alphabet on a Russian graphic basis.

Bersey and his students, who studied at the Stavropol gymnasium, made all possible efforts to “instill in the people” a newly composed “letter”. The prominent Kabardian enlightener Kazi Atazhukin wrote: “The students from the highlanders, who returned home and had the habit of reading fables and stories written by Berseev’s letters for the duration of the vacation and mults, who wanted to learn this alphabet.” But then K.Atazhukin with bitterness stated that “neither Bersseev nor his students from the highlanders under the conditions in which they were, they were able to do anything to bring the newly acquired writing into the people” [9, p.

At the same time, he paid much attention to the study of the oral folk art of his people, was engaged in translation from the Russian and oriental original. The Ber-Eye's own works are based on folklore plots, mainly on fabulous. Umar Berssey was not only a linguist, but also a writer - a fabulist. Its parables and fables differ in the acuteness of a social orientation.

Fables affect the most different facets of human character [10]. So, for example, in the fable of “Wolf, Dog and Fox” it is telled that the dog, undeservedly offended by the owner, began to be friends with a wolf attacking his Otars. Bersey in his works ridicules the arrogance. The author claims such human values ​​as mind, resourcefulness, quick wit. The fables of Berssey. For example, the works of W.

Berssey “Man and Death” and L. Tolstoy “Old Man and Death”, created on the same plot. The author looks at the surrounding reality through the eyes of a person from the people. Its texts are closely related to the oral work of the Circassians. They show a mocking look at things, the nature of national humor. The Circassian proverbs and sayings serve Berssey with the basis of the morality of his fables [11].

The enlightener not only himself engaged in literary activity, but also encouraged her Inte-W. Berssey was not only a teacher, the philosophy of his students of the Stavropol Gymnasium, Gom, a fabulist, but also a translator. He was borne by the letters of the people also painted the history of the Adyghe peoples, reasons for songs and legends, recited plays for the help of helping Russian scientists who were interested in the Caesian [12].

Correctly understanding the role of Russia, Bersey K.