Poems Korolenko Biography

Korolenko Vladimir Galaktionovich Korolenko Vladimir Galaktionovich - Russian writer of Ukrainian -Polish origin, journalist, publicist, public figure, who deserved recognition of his human rights activities both during the tsarist regime and during the civil war and Soviet power. For his critical views, Korolenko was subjected to repression from the tsarist government. A significant part of the writer's literary works is inspired by impressions of childhood spent in Ukraine and a link to Siberia.

Honorary Academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in the category of graceful literature - Korolenko was born in Zhitomir Ukraine in the family of a county judge. The writer's father came from the Cossack kind. Severe and closed, but at the same time incorruptible and fair, Galaction Afanasevich Korolenko - had a huge impact on the formation of the worldview of his son.

Subsequently, the image of his father was captured by the writer in his famous story “In a bad society”. The writer’s mother was Pole and Korolenko knew Polish from childhood. Korolenko began to study at the Zhytomyr gymnasium, and after the death of his father, he completed secondary education at the Rivne Real School. In the year he entered the St. Petersburg Technological Institute, but due to material difficulties he was forced to leave him and switch to a scholarship to the Petrovsky Agricultural Academy in Moscow.

From an early age, Korolenko joined the revolutionary populist movement. In the year, for participation in populist student circles, he was expelled from the Academy and sent to Kronstadt under the supervision of the police. In Kronstadt, the young man had to earn his living with his own labor. He was engaged in tutoring, was a corrector in the printing house, tried a number of working professions.

At the end of the exile, Korolenko returned to St. Petersburg and entered the Mining Institute. The beginning of the literary activity of Korolenko belongs to this period. Korolenko initially intended this story for the journal “Domestic Notes”, but the first pen of the pen was unsuccessful-the editor of the magazine M. Saltykov-Shchedrin returned the young author with the words: “It would be nothing ...

yes green ... Very green.” But even in the spring of the year, on suspicion of revolutionary activity, Korolenko was again expelled from the institute and sent to the eyes of the Vyatka province. The writer remained in Glazov until October, while as a result of two complaints of Korolenko about the actions of the Vyatka administration, his punishment was tightened. From there, for unauthorized absence to the village of Afanasyevsky writer, he was sent first to the Vyatka prison, and then to the Vyshnevolotsky transit prison and further to Siberia.

In February, G. is healthy, and nothing. Well! Siberia is so Siberia - not a desert after all ... ". In another letter, he added: "Siberia is another step, and it seems that I will step at it completely firmly." In Tyumen, where the exiles were distributed into prisons of Western Siberia, Korolenko was delivered on July 30 and stayed here for less than one day. In the "History of my contemporary" he recalls that the exiles were brought to the square in front of a large prison, from where the "political" Shvetsov S.

was peeled out of the bars on the windows on the windows, I remember, a holiday and a bazaar day ... "On the same day he was put on a barge and sent waterways to Tomsk. Shvetsov, subsequently known to the Siberian economist, writer, ethnographer in his memoirs tells about Vladimir Galaktionovich during this period: “Always lively and active, harmonious, but dense and stocky young man, with a huge hat of a violent dark brown hair ...

with a wide thick beard, with dark brilliant, sometimes accepting especially angular, concentrated, concentrated. The expression with the eyes, in a white canvas prisoner shirt or in a gray cloth blouse, surrounded by a thin strap, in high boots - I remember Vladimir Galaktionovich of that time. So he was in the Vyshnevolotsky prison, so I saw him in the Tyumen transit and in the investigated branch of the Tobolsk military hard labor prisons.

” Korolenko described the orders of Tobolsk prison in the story "Yashka". Upon arrival in Tomsk, Korolenko was placed in a transit prison. Very soon, his business was revised, and Vladimir Galaktionovich, among the other six prisoners, was released and received the right to return to European Russia under the supervision of the police. In gg. In August, Korolenko was secondly sent to Siberia for refusing to swear allegiance to the new king Alexander III.

He again hit the Tobolsk prison, where he was remembered by the bold exposure of prison orders.

The writer was placed in a gloomy and deaf secret lone chamber intended for especially important prisoners. Here Korolenko stayed for almost 10 days. After the release of August 23, from Tobolsk to Tomsk, Korolenko got water on the steamer "Narym". In the “Way drafts on the Irtysh and Ob”, written on the steamer “Narym”, Korolenko outlined his road impressions. The writer talked about the deserted banks of the Ob, about walking in Lamin Bor under Surgut during loading firewood into a ship.He aptly and vividly painted the appearance of those living on the offenses and scenes from their lives.

The paintings of the Siberian landscape at Korolenko were covered with the mood of cold and sadness. But at the same time, already at the first acquaintance with Siberia, the writer noticed a scope, the expanse and expanse of nature: “The steppe is so steppe, the river is so river - the sea. The forest is the taiga impassable ... " He arrived in Tomsk on September 4, was kept in a prison castle, then he was sent into exile in the Yakut region of the Amgina Sloboda.

The harsh living conditions did not break the will of the writer. The heavy six years have become the time of the formation of a mature writer, they gave rich material for his future works. In the year, Korolenko was allowed to settle in Nizhny Novgorod. Nizhny Novgorod decade--the period of the most fruitful work of the Korolenko writer, the surge of his talent, after which the reading public of the entire Russian Empire spoke about him.

In the year, his first book “Essays and Stories” was published, which included the Siberian novels of the writer. In the same years, Korolenko publishes his “Pavlovskiy essays”, which was the result of repeated visits to the village of Pavlova in the Gorbatovsk district of the Nizhny Novgorod province. The work describes the difficult position of the artalists of the village crushed by poverty.

The real triumph of Korolenko was the way out in the years of his best works-“in a bad society” and “blind musician” in these stories by Korolenko with a deep knowledge of human psychology in philosophical approaches the resolution of the problem of human and society. The material for the writer was the memories of the childhood conducted in Ukraine, enriched by the philosophical and social conclusions of the mature master, who passed the difficult years of links and repression.

According to the writer, the fullness and harmony of life, happiness can be felt only by overcoming your own selfishness, taking the path of serving the people. In the years, Korolenko travels a lot. He visits the various edges of the Russian Empire Crimea, the Caucasus. The result of this trip was the philosophical allegorical story “Without Language” Korolenko receives recognition not only in Russia, but also abroad.

His works come out in foreign languages. In the years, Korolenko lives in St. Petersburg. He edits the Russian Wealth magazine. During this period, the remarkable short stories of Marusina Zaimka, “instant” in the year, the writer settled in Poltava, where he lived until his death. In the last years of his life - Korolenko worked on the big autobiographical novel “The History of my Contemporary”, which was supposed to generalize everything that he experienced, systematize the philosophical views of the writer.

The novel remained incomplete. The writer died, working on the fourth volume of his work. He died of pneumonia. Sources: 1. Bespalova L. Bespalova, Yu. Ivanenko A. Series "Great Russian and Foreign Writers".