Shcherbatov Mikhail Biography

From the genus Shcherbatov. The son -in -law of Prince I. Grandfather P. Young years received home education; He owned French, Italian, as well as Latin and probably English. Served in the Life Guards of the Semenovsky regiment-; enrolled in it in; He resigned in the rank of the Captain's Life Guards in connection with the adoption of the manifesto of the liberties of the nobility of G.

Mason is dedicated to the 2nd half of the xg. In the middle of the x. Miller, in - gg. Montesquieu [and, accordingly; Manuscript translations now in the manuscripts of the Russian National Library: F. views on the socio-political development of Russia and the work in the stated commission experienced the influence of the works of ancient authors mainly Plato and philosophers of the Enlightenment-Voltaire, S.

Montesquieu, P. Golbakh and Ch. Tenaried the division of the legislative and executive authorities, considered the monarchy to consider it the best form of government, subject to it The restrictions on the Council of the “Father of the People” “from the wisest and more knowledge of people who have been selected by the sovereign”, who can simultaneously serve as a monarch and be guided by “Love to the Fatherland and Laws” [“Various reasoning about government”, is probably written in “Readings ...” of the Society of the History and Antiquities of the Russian KN.

Later he wrote “an opinion on the laws of thorough state”, apparently, the 2nd half of the 10th. Polish B, not mentioning, but implying Russian realities: he advocated the need to preserve the dominant religion of Orthodoxy and the integrity of the state territory, for establishing the order of the throne of the direct male line, if the sovereign of the sovereign, the heir became the heir, while her husband was eliminated from management, restricting the power of the monarch to a special “indispensable” advice in the heads of bodies that were in charge of foreign The affairs, army and navy of the Tar of Foreign Affairs, Military College and Admiralty College, and representatives of noble births were to declare war, conclude peace and other international agreements, introduce new taxes, resolve issues of army and navy maintenance, and so on.

While working in the commission, he proved himself as a bright speaker and polemicist. I saw in the nobility the main support of the sovereign, a moral guideline for other classes and a guarantor from the establishment of despotism. He advocated the return to the practice of awarding the nobility by the sovereign and for the abolition of the principle of service according to the tables of the rank of G.

He recognized the right of merchants to own factories and factories. One of the authors of the “draft laws on the rights of medium-family state residents”-the first draft legislative design of a single city class in Russia, which determined its rights and freedom, among which personal freedom, including movement in Russia and abroad, was published in court in the “collection ...” of the Russian Historical Society, i.e.

a supporter of the preservation of serfdom, believed that due to lack of education The peasants will not be able to dispose of freedom for themselves and “inevitably” will damage the state, “whose happiness follows from the well -being of individual citizens” [“A note on the peasant issue”, not earlier, was first published in Shcherbatov. At the same time, he condemned the cruelty of the landowners to the serfs, supported the possibility of ransom or other way to provide freedom to individual peasants.

On the service of Empress Catherine II in the city, on the recommendation of G. Miller, he was appointed on February 25, March 7 I revealed and published important historical sources-“The Royal Book, that is, the chronicler of the reign of Tsar John Vasilievich” to the city of the 3rd commission on commerce-did not participate in her work. He spoke from the standpoint of protectionism for reducing taxes for industrial enterprises and restriction of imports, including luxury objects “Opinion on the issue of foreign trade in general and about the appeal of her an advantage of an advantage to the state treasury”, published in the author of the school of merchants from 9 to 18 years, which was supposed to be opened in St.

Petersburg, the ideas of Shcherbatov were taken into account by I. Betskiy during the training of the project Commercial school opened in Moscow at the educational house; He included in the curriculum the study of French, German and English, proposed punishing with humane methods without the use of physical strength to deprive walks, games, suggestion. The head of the Herldmaster Office under the Senate - suggested organizing the work of the heralds of governorship in the implementation of the provincial reform of the city Compiled coats of arms for a number of military formations in the middle of the XG.

A member of the First Committee on the Institution of Medals is the author of 43 of historical comments on the medals dedicated to the events of Peter I “Tsar Pyotr Alekseevich”, “Establishing Mountains”, “The Establishment and the First Actions of the Russian Fleet” and others. The last president of the chamber-college [January 18-], prepared its abolition. Member of the expedition of state -owned distillery -; The expedition acted under the chamber college.

Senator - at the beginning of the cityMaslov Vladimir, Kostroma and Yaroslavl governorship. He revealed financial violations in the provincial apparatus of Vladimir governorship, convinced Catherine II, despite the opinion of the majority of senators of the 6th Senate Department, to bring the governor A. Samoilov to the court [dismissed by decree of the Empress on July 30, on the request of “for oldness and illnesses”], as well as the vice-governor of the prince D.

Ukhtomsky and other officials in the officials. posts. Considering the main task, the search and explanation of the laws of social and political development, Shcherbatov was the first to move away from the annalistic form of presentation of Russian history, tried to explain the causes of a number of events of the emergence of statehood, the baptism of Rus', the influence of Christianity on its history, the formation of a single Russian state, events of the Time of Troubles, etc.

The author of the genealogical works on the history of the princely clans of the Chernigov Mosalsky, Odoevsky, Repnins, Shcherbatovs and Yaroslavl Sontsov, Shakhovsky Rurikovich were introduced by N. Novikov in the “ancient Russian Vivliofic”, and played an important role in the formation of domestic sources, diplomatics and spraying. The author of journalistic and religious and philosophical works, among them-the novel written in the utopia genre “Journey to the Earth of the Ophirian Mr.

from ..., the Swedish nobleman”-; published in, pamphlet "On damage to morals in Russia" between and; First published in London in A. Herzen, in which he condemned the vices of court life - flattery, envy and mainly favoritism, as well as “Talking about the immortality of the soul” and “Reflections on the death hour” - both published in the actual member of the Russian Academy, participated in the preparation of the first two parts of the “Dictionary of the Russian Academy” - complemented the general dictionary.

Land possessions and entrepreneurship of a large land and sincere: he owned about 10 thousand in the city of The library of the prince inherited the family library from his father, as well as the books of the father -in -law, significantly expanded the book collection: to the city of the library and part of the personal archive, manuscript materials related to the state activity of the prince - his projects, opinions, notes, as well as copies of legislative acts, business correspondence; Copies, certificates and extracts from documents of the 17-18 centuries.

Catherine II for a large amount - 50 thousand awarded the Order of St. Anna [since February 9, on his distant relative of Natalia Ivanovna, nee Princess of Shcherbatova [tombstone of princes M. Shcherbatov on the wall and M. Shcherbatov in the lower church of the church in the name of the Archangel in the village of Mikhailovskoye, Yaroslavl region of Yaroslavl region.

He was buried next to his father-Major General Prince M. Shcherbatov in the church in honor of the icon of the Mother of God “Sign” and, in the name of the Archangel, Mikhail, was built by the grandfather of the Okolnik Prince Yu. Shcherbatov in the family village of Mikhailovskoye, Yaroslavl district of the Yaroslavl province of the Yaroslavl region. Published on May 11 The last update on May 11, contact the editors.