Biography of scientists abstract

The life of the Academy Life and the activities of Isaac Newton in the framework of the educational work of the department “Higher Mathematics and Natural Sciences” as part of the study of differential and integral calculus students of the first-year of the specialty, students of the ZPE groups, prepared a report on the main achievements of the scientist, as well as interesting cases from his life.

Kid Isaac was born in a village of Woulastorp England on the eve of the Civil War. His father, the successful farmer Isaac Newton, died before the birth of his son, and the baby himself was born premature - so weak that they were afraid for his life. The boy was named in honor of the deceased dad: the deceased parent also left the family a considerable amount in pounds and hundreds of acres of fields and forests.

The boy was guarded by Uncle William Esco, but most of the time the guy was left to his own devices. Silent and closed, Newton did not look for friends. He loved books, made a water clock and windmills. When Isaac was 12 years old, he was sent to the Grantham school - the boy lived in the house of the pharmacist Clark, where he was delighted with his outstanding quick wits. Uncle William, Teacher Stox, familiar pharmacist persuaded his mother to give a capable young man to Cambridge in honor of the Holy Trinity College.

They managed to achieve their own - Isaac was sent to study at Cambridge University. In June, Summer Newton appeared in Alma Mater, not yet knowing that he had to devote 30 years of his life to the university. The times were not the brightest: the monarchy was returned in the state, the new king did not particularly complain to generous assistance to educational institutions.

Nevertheless, the newcomer was enrolled in the category of "sazers" - "state employees", as they would say in our time. However, there were still differences: for free training, students had to work for the benefit of college or provide services to “payers”. At the Trinity College, the student did not find the peers, but became more striving for knowledge indifferent to glory.

Newton selflessly studied natural science, optics, phonetics, astronomy, philosophy, completely forgetting about sleep and food. A young teacher Isaac Barrow came to the department, who forced the future legend to love mathematics. Yes, so that it became the first science in which Newton performed its main mathematical method - binomial decomposition for an arbitrary rational indicator.

The decomposition of functions into an endless series. Subsequently, the famous mathematician became a close friend of Isaac. In the year, Isaac successfully passed the exams and received a higher student degree of bachelor. Already in London houses, the first alarming marks of the Great Plague began to appear - red crosses. Due to the epidemic, the classes at the college stopped, Newton was forced to return to Woolstorp.

However, the young scientist did not seek to declare himself - he did not chase fame at all, which is why the whole world learned about his works only after years. And Newton generally hid the first scientific work well - he was found only after three centuries! It was possible to return to Cambridge Isaac only in - he was declared a master, allocated housing, salary and a group of students.

But Newton was weak as a teacher - the guys reluctantly attended his lectures.

Then the old friend Barrow lost his post as a professor of mathematics and optics of Trinity College with a salary in pounds a year, numerous bonuses and scholarships. But they deal a terrible blow: a friend and patron of Barrow was dying in him only 47 years old, and then a fire flared up in the Newtonian house, which destroyed most of the manuscripts. In trusting to everything, the mother gets sick and dies heavily and dies.

The scientist returns to science only in - he comes to Cambridge and begins to work on his greatest difficulty - "mathematical principles of natural philosophy." The work was completed in and published in three volumes in the in the Newton himself was seriously ill - the shock after the fire and poisoning from chemical experiments affected. The relatives have already begun to fear for his mind, but the genius to was able to completely recover from the disease.

A little later, in, Isaac begins a new administrative activity for himself - at the invitation of King Wilhelm III, he occupies the post of keeper, and then the control of the monetary court. In the same, a significant event for any scientist happens: in Cambridge they begin to teach the Newton world system! And the researcher becomes the president of the royal community - the largest scientific association of Great Britain.

In the health of an elderly researcher, he began to deteriorate, he moved to the suburb of London Kensington. He left the earthly world on the night of March 20, on March 20, Newton decided not to draw up a testament - he simply sent a significant part of his monetary savings to his relatives before his death. Genies were buried in Westminster Abbey in the neighborhood with glorious statesmen and monarchs.

The funeral was considered an honor to come not only the Lord Chancellor with the King ministers, but also the London. It is quite difficult to compose an unambiguous psychological portrait of a genius, because the characteristics given to him from different people are sometimes dramatically different.But if you turn to proven sources, the following will come out: I did not show irritation, did not joke and did not laugh at the jokes - it seemed to the scientist a sense of humor was completely alien.

He was very demanding of himself: he considered the time not dedicated to the service of science, hopelessly lost. This person was very affected by education in Puritan traditions - he from his youth established tough restrictions and rules for himself. In particular, he never forgave others that he did not forgive himself. In everyday life, he was always “inside himself,” he focused on his thoughts, showing distraction and indifference to ordinary life.

At the same time, no one could call him heartless to others. The scientist was characterized by natural practicality and everyday sanity, which helped in the management of the royal society and the mint. In everyday life, Newton was lean and neat, but certainly not stingy. I was happy to financially helped relatives, young scientists and acquaintances, in need of money.

Despite the fact that the researcher was warmly related to a whole circle of people, he never had close friends. He painted perfectly, but did not show any feelings for travel, art, sports. By an venerable age, the scientist became more kind, sociable and condescending, which was not observed in him earlier. There is nothing to say about the personal life of Isaac Newton in the full sense of the word.

He had neither his wife nor children - a man never looked for other people's societies, but kept with women detached. However, after the death of Anna's half -sister, it was the scientist who paid the children of the deceased benefit, and Katherine’s niece took his education. And among his most famous quotes: “In philosophy, there cannot be a sovereign, except for the truth ...

We must erect monuments from gold to Kepler, Galileo, Descartes and write on each:“ Plato is a friend, Aristotle is a friend, but the main friend is truth. ”