Tsiolkovsky E Biography

In the city of Konstantin entered the Vyatka male gymnasium. Problems with hearing, which were the result of the transferred scarlet fever, did not allow him to complete his education in the gymnasium, and from the age of 14 he began to engage in his own. Tsiolkovsky moved to Moscow, where he continued his education-he studied the physical and mathematical sciences in the cycle of secondary and higher schools.

Tsiolkovsky passed exams for the title of teacher of county schools and a year later he received his appointment to the Borovsk district school of the Kaluga province. The first scientific studies of Tsiolkovsky belong to the m. Not knowing about the already made discoveries of Western scientists, a young researcher in the GG. His second work of the “mechanics of the animal organism”, written in the same years, received a favorable review of the Russian physiologist I.

Sechenov, and Tsiolkovsky was admitted to the Russian physicochemical society. In gg. The main works of Tsiolkovsky were related to four problems: the scientific substantiation of the whole -metal balloon of the airship, the streamlined airplane, air pillings and missiles for interplanetary travels. In the first printed work on the airships - the “Metal controlled balloon” - he gave a scientific and technical justification for the design of the airship with a metal shell.

After moving to Tsiolkovsky, the idea of ​​building an airplane with a metal frame belongs. In the article “Airplane, or Poultry -like Aviation Flight Machine”, the scientist was given a description and drawings of a monoplane, which in its appearance and aerodynamic layout anticipated the design of aircraft that appeared later. Important scientific results were obtained by a researcher in the theory of missiles of missiles.

For the first time, they solved the task of planting a spacecraft on the surface of the planets devoid of the atmosphere. In the x Tsiolkovsky worked a lot on the creation of the theory of the flight of jet aircraft, inventing his scheme of the gas turbine engine. His studies first showed the possibility of achieving cosmic velocities. He was the first to study the issue of a rocket as an artificial satellite of the Earth and expressed the idea of ​​creating near -earth stations as artificial settlements using the energy of the Sun and intermediate bases for interplanetary messages.

In addition, the researcher studied medical and biological problems that occur during long-term cosmic flights. In his philosophical and artistic works, Tsiolkovsky developed a “cosmic philosophy”, which is based on the concept of an “atom” as an immortal animated elementary creature, which runs from the body to the body in the Universe. Many ideas of the philosophy of the scientist formed the basis of the so -called Russian cosmism.

The works of Tsiolkovsky to a great extent contributed to the development of missile and cosmic equipment in the Soviet Union and abroad. For “special merits in the field of inventions that are of great importance for economic power and defense of the USSR” Tsiolkovsky in Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky died on September 19. The name of Tsiolkovsky is the world's first museum of space topics - the State Museum of the History of Cosmonautics.

Tula,; Memories of K. Kaluga; Ahead of his century: about K. Tsiolkovsky - gg. Kaluga,; K. Tsiolkovsky: A study of scientific heritage and materials for biography: Sat. Golden horseshoe: about K. The pages of the life of Tsiolkovsky. Life and technical ideas. Russian inventor and scientist K. Collected Works. The future of the Earth and Humanity. Monism of the universe.

Kaluga,; He. The formation of solar systems and disputes about the cause of space. Essays about the universe. The problem of interplanetary messages in the works of K. Tsiolkovsky and other domestic scientists. Aeroines and life: conversations with Tsiolkovsky.